64 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
64 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
# Commands
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## Manipulating files
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Commands that can be used for reading and manipulating files
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#### tail
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`tail` by default reads the last 5 lines of the input file and then exits
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```bash
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Useful Flags Function
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-n *x* Returns the last x lines of a file
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-f Follows the end of the file, so any new data will be printed out to the screen
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```
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#### head
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`head` by default reads the first 5 lines of the input file and then exits
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```bash
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Useful Flags Function
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-n *x* Returns the first x lines of a file
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```
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#### awk
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`awk` is used to extract, layout and modify data using the command line (It is way more then this but its all I use it for)
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#### sed
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`sed` is the '**S**tream **ED**itor' you can use to to modify files via commands and scripts using patterns, an [example](examples/seddnszone.md) can be seen here
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```bash
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Useful Flags Function
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-i In-place, writes the changes to the file
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-f Use a script file instead of reading the expression from STDIN
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```
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#### grep
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`grep` is used to match text in a file,
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```bash
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Useful Flags Function
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-o Returns only the matched data (Useless without regex really)
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-E Allows extended regex to be used in the search, [regex info](/regex)
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-P Allows the use of Perl regex, this uses a different syntax to -E
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-i Makes the search case insensitive
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-r Searches files recursively (i.e if you have quite a few files and folders it will search through all of them)
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-l Returns the filename where the data was matched instead of the matched data
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```
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Some examples of grep usage can be found [here](/examples/grep)
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#### lsof
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`lsof` is a command that will show you what processes have specified file open currently you can see an example [here](/examples/lsof)
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## Manipulating the standard input
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These commands can be used to manipulate data in the standard input
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#### rev |